Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression! What's The Connection?
By: Anonymous Sufferer
Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression, What's the connection? After years of dealing with chronic Anxiety and Depression I have discovered a lot of interesting similarity's between not only the symptoms of Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression but also the effective treatments for dealing with the symptoms of Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression.
I would be willing to bet that most of the individuals who stumble across this blog are looking for ways to manage or eliminate the symptoms of either Stress, Distress, Anxiety or Depression.
If you are one of these individuals you have come to a wonderful place that will provide you with the information and hopefully the answers to your questions and concerns.
I assure you that through understanding the individual symptoms and treatments of Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression you will be better prepared to deal with them as they show up in your life. Interestingly enough, as you read through the research that I have prepared you too will begin to see similarities in not only symptoms but as well as proven treatments. This leads further into the discussion of what causes these symptoms and why proven treatments actually work.
Furthermore, by understanding the workings of the human body we can begin to see a picture of what these symptoms really should mean to us. Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression are advanced forms of communication that our bodies use to help us understand how our bodies are being impacted by involuntary body functions.
Let's jump right into the research of it all and start to define the symptoms of Stress, Distress (also know as Chronic Stress), Anxiety and Depression.
Stress Symptoms
Information Source
- Frequent headache, jaw clinching or pain
- Gritting, grinding teeth
- Stuttering or stammering
- Tremors, trembling of lips, hands
- Neck ache, back pain, muscle spasms
- Light headedness, faintness, dizziness
- Ringing, buzzing, popping sounds
- Frequent blushing, sweating
- Cold or sweaty hands, feet
- Dry mouth, problems swallowing
- Frequent colds, infections, herpes sores
- Rashes, itching, hives, Goosebumps
- Unexplained or frequent allergy attacks
- Heartburn, stomach pain, nausea
- Excess belching, flatulence
- Constipation, diarrhea, loss of control
- Difficulty breathing, frequent sighing
- Sudden attacks of life threatening panic
- Chest pain, palpitations, rapid pulse
- Frequent urination
- Diminished sexual desire or performance
- Excessive anxiety, worry, guilt, nervousness
- Increased anger, frustration, hostility
- Depression, frequent of wild mood swings
- Increased or decreased appetite
- Insomnia, nightmares, disturbing dreams
- Difficulty concentrating, racing thoughts
- Trouble learning new information
- Forgetfulness, disorganization, confusion
- Difficulty in making decisions
- Feeling overloaded or overwhelmed
- Frequent crying spells or suicidal thoughts
- Feelings of loneliness or worthlessness
- Little interest in appearance, punctuality
- Nervous habits, fidgeting, feet taping
- Increased frustration, irritability, edginess
- Overreaction to petty annoyances
- Increased number of minor accidents
- Obsessive or compulsive behavior
- Reduced work efficiency or productivity
- Lies or excuses covering up poor work
- Rapid or mumbled speech
- Excessive defensiveness or suspiciousness
- Problems in communications, sharing
- Social withdrawal and isolation
- Constant tiredness, weakness, fatigue
- Frequent use of over the counter drugs
- Weight gain or loss without diet
- Increased smoking, alcohol or drug use
- Excessive gambling or impulse buying
Distress Symptoms
Information Sourcehttp://www.healthylife.com/online/stress/StateOfMichigan/symptoms-of-distress.html
- Tension headaches
- Frowning
- Gritting or grinding of teeth
- Jaw pain
- Stuttering or stammering
- Trembling of lips or hands
- Muscle tenseness, bracing, and aches
- Neck aches
- Back pain
- Aggressive body language
- Migraine headaches
- Increased sensitivity to light and sound
- Lightheadedness, faintness, or dizziness
- Ringing in ears
- Enlarged pupils
- Blushing
- Dry mouth
- Problems swallowing
- Frequent colds or bouts with the flu
- Hives
- Rashes
- “Cold chills,” or “goose bumps”
- Heartburn, stomach cramping, or nausea
- Uneven or rapid heartbeat without exercising
- Difficulty breathing
- Sudden, suffocating panic, as if you are about to die
- Heart and chest pain
- Increased perspiration
- Night sweats
- Cold, sweaty hands
- Painfully cold hands and feet
- Gaseousness or belching
- Frequent urination
- Constipation
- Nervous diarrhea
- Lowered sexual desire
- Difficulty with sexual orgasm
- Anxiety, worry, guilt, or nervousness
- Increased anger and frustration
- Moodiness
- Depression
- Increased or decreased appetite
- Racing thoughts
- Nightmares
- Problems concentrating
- Trouble learning new information
- Forgetfulness
- Disorganization or confusion
- Difficulty making decisions
- A sense of being overloaded or overwhelmed by problems
- More frequent crying
- Suicidal thoughts
- Fear of getting close to people
- Loneliness
- Inattention to dress or grooming
- More frequent lateness
- A more “serious” appearance
- Unusual behavior
- Nervous habits, such as finger or foot tapping
- Rushing around or pacing the floor
- Increased frustration and irritability
- Edginess
- Overreaction to small things
- Increased number of minor accidents
- Perfectionism
- Reduced work efficiency or productivity
- Lies or excuses to cover up poor work
- Fast or mumbled speech
- Defensiveness or suspiciousness
- Strained communication with others
- Social withdrawal
- Constant tiredness
- Sleep problems
- Frequent use of over-the-counter drugs
- Weight gain or loss without diet
- Increased smoking
- Recreational drug use
- Increased alcohol use
- Gambling or overspending
Anxiety Symptoms
Information Sourcehttp://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad/index.shtml
- Can’t relax
- Startle easily
- Difficulty Concentrating
- Trouble falling asleep or staying asleep
- Fatigue
- Headaches
- Muscle Tension
- Muscle Aches
- Difficulty Swallowing
- Trembling
- Twitching
- Irritability
- Sweating
- Nausea
- Lightheadedness
- Frequently using the bathroom
- Feeling out of breath
- Hot flashes
Depression Symptoms
Information Source
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/men-and-depression/signs-and-symptoms-of-depression/index.shtml- Persistent sad, anxious, or empty mood
- Feelings of hopelessness, pessimism
- Feeling of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness
- Decreased energy, fatigue, being “slowed Down”
- Difficulty concentrating, remembering, making decisions
- Difficulty sleeping, early-morning awakening, or oversleeping
- Appetite and/or weight changes
- Thoughts of death or suicide; suicide attempts
- Restlessness, irritability
- Persistent physical symptoms
After comparing the list of symptoms, it is evident that the following symptoms are commonly found in individuals suffering from Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression
- Excessive Worry, Guilt, Nervousness (Adrenaline, Cortisol release)
- Increased Anger, Frustration, Hostility (Adrenaline, Cortisol release)
- Insomnia, Nightmares, Disturbing dreams (higher levels of Cortisol)
- Constant tiredness, Weakness, Fatigue (cannot continue functioning at their normal levels of physical or mental ability)
- Depression, Frequent or Wild Mood Swings (abnormal functioning of brain messengers, serotonin can alter your pain threshold. This means you become more sensitive to pain, especially back pain. Serotonin also affects sleep and lowers sex drive)
(Now let's ask ourselves some questions to gain a better understanding of how these symptoms are affecting and impacting our bodies)
What actually happens to the human body when we worry?
Information sourcehttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-97853/What-worrying-does-health.html
When you worry, your body responds to your anxiety the same way it would react to physical danger.
To help you cope with the physical demands you are about to ask your body to perform, your brain releases stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol into the bloodstream. They trigger a range of physical reactions that will equip your body for action.
For further information regarding the side effects of worry click the link below.
http://www.webmd.com/balance/guide/how-worrying-affects-your-body?page=2Just for the sake of understanding let's take a look at how Adrenaline and Cortisol affect the body.
Information Sourcehttp://breakingmuscle.com/health-medicine/understanding-our-adrenal-system-epinephrine-adrenaline
Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal medulla and the central nervous system and is a major component of the “flight or fight” response. It gets us ready to handle stress by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and the ability of the heart to pump blood efficiently. It causes vasoconstriction, or the clamping down, of some blood vessels and vasodilation, or the relaxation, of others. It also causes bronchodilation and increased respiration. This opens the airways and allows for better oxygen delivery to the cells of the body, as well as CO2 removal from the bloodstream. Epinephrine/Adrenaline also triggers some metabolic changes that free up quite a bit of glucose. The liver stops producing insulin and the muscles and liver break down glycogen into glucose. Glycolysis is triggered in the muscles, which involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate. This in turn enables the formation of ATP and the fueling of muscular contraction. Another energy source is accessed as the triggering of lypolysis breaks down fat into ketones (the other energy source). Short story, epinephrine frees up energy to be used by the muscles and brain in response to the perceived stressor.
Information Sourcehttp://www.todaysdietitian.com/newarchives/111609p38.shtml
Cortisol, a glucocorticoid (steroid hormone), is produced from cholesterol in the two adrenal glands located on top of each kidney. It is normally released in response to events and circumstances such as waking up in the morning, exercising, and acute stress. Cortisol’s far-reaching, systemic effects play many roles in the body’s effort to carry out its processes and maintain homeostasis.
Of interest to the dietetics community, cortisol also plays an important role in human nutrition. It regulates energy by selecting the right type and amount of substrate (carbohydrate, fat, or protein) the body needs to meet the physiological demands placed on it. When chronically elevated, cortisol can have deleterious effects on weight, immune function, and chronic disease risk.
Cortisol (along with its partner epinephrine) is best known for its involvement in the “fight-or-flight” response and temporary increase in energy production, at the expense of processes that are not required for immediate survival. The resulting biochemical and hormonal imbalances (ideally) resolve due to a hormonally driven negative feedback loop.
Information Source
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/19/adrenaline-cortisol-stress-hormones_n_3112800.html
What's the difference between adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine)? Confusingly, the substance called adrenaline by most of the world is known as epinephrine to Americans. Similarly, arenaline's cousin, noradrenaline is correspondingly known as norepinephrine. This proliferation of terminology would make this post too confusing, so I'm going to stick with adrenaline and noradrenaline here. (Apologies to American readers!)
[As an aside: why the dual names? I had no idea, but Professor Wikipedia assures me that an American company called Parke-Davis & Co. somehow managed to market a concentrated form of adrenaline under the name... Adrenalin. Since this was a little too close, name-wise, to the generic name for the substance, it was decided to switch the generic name to epinephrine. The choice was actually quite clever, since adrenaline is derived from the Latin ad (above) + renes (the kidney). Epinephrine is just the (ancient) Greek version of this, with epi + nephros meaning exactly the same thing.]
But back to the topic. For one, they are obviously chemically distinct - adrenaline is produced by the body via a modification of noradrenaline. Just what is changed isn't important in the slightest, so I won't go on about this aspect.
Secondly, they are used in slightly different places. Noradrenaline is used in the postganglionic neurones of the sympathetic nervous system. It is also used as a neurotransmitter, which obviously implies that it is generated within the neurones of the brain too. Adrenaline is largely produced by the adrenal medulla, although this structure does also produce some noradrenaline.
Lastly, while related, their functions differ somewhat. You may know that there are several types of receptors for adrenaline. For instance α1 receptors are found on blood vessels and stimulation leads to their constriction. On the other hand, β1 receptors are located on the heart, and their stimulation leads to an increase in the rate and force of the heart's contraction. Adrenaline is rather nonspecific, stimulating α, β1 and β2 receptors more or less equally. By contrast, noradrenaline exerts predominantly α activity, although it does stimulate the β to a lesser degree. Also, as mentioned, noradrenaline acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain too, playing a role in alertness, arousal and reward pathways.
What actually happens to the human body when we are angry or frustrated?
Information Sourcehttp://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Hendricks,%20LaVelle%20The%20Effects%20of%20Anger%20on%20the%20Brain%20and%20Body%20NFJCA%20V2%20N1%202013.pdf
before anger affects any part of our body, it has to affect our brain first. The brain is our internal alarm system. It signals to the rest of our body when we are happy, sad, angry, in pain, etc. this alarm system within our brain triggers the release of adrenaline which causes us to heighten our awareness and responsiveness. This causes glucose to gush through our blood stream and muscles giving us the ability to respond faster, run faster, and make quicker decisions. The brain processes all emotional stress. When the brain senses threat or harm, millions of nerve fibers within our brain release chemicals throughout the body to every organ. When a person experiences anger the brain causes the body to release stress hormones, adrenaline and noradrenaline. These chemical help the body control the heart rate and blood pressure. The release of these chemical also helps regulate the pancreas which controls the sugar balance in our blood
What actually happens to the human body when we have insomnia or nightmares?
Information Sourcehttp://healthland.time.com/2014/02/28/insomniac-you-might-have-a-hyperactive-brain/
Insomniacs may be in a constant “on” state, continuing to operate at high levels even when it’s supposed to be dialing down to recharge at night. When insomniacs are finally able to drift off, for example, their brain activity is layered with more waking, or arousal patterns than those of good sleepers. “Their brain waves look different from good sleepers,” she says. “Traditionally in normal sleep, the brain waves slow down, become more synchronous and get into a nice delta wave for sleep. Insomniacs may get into delta sleep, but they have other faster rhythms riding on top of their EEG.” Insomniacs also tend to show higher levels of the stress hormone cortisol, and more metabolism, or activity in the brain overall, compared to good sleepers. So while the plasticity was surprising, it wasn’t totally unexpected, says Salas. “It fit with the whole story of dysregulation of arousal in insomniacs. The light switch is on, so there is increased excitability and that could be running this increased plasticity.”
What actually happens to the human body when we are tired or experience weakness or fatigue?
Information Sourcehttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248002.php
Fatigue, also referred to as tiredness, exhaustion, lethargy, and listlessness, describes a physical and/or mental state of being tired and weak. Although physical and mental fatigue are different, the two often exist together - if a person is physically exhausted for long enough, they will also be mentally tired. When somebody experiences physical fatigue, it means they cannot continue functioning at their normal levels of physical ability. Mental fatigue, however, is more slanted towards feeling sleepy and being unable to concentrate properly.
Fatigue is a symptom, rather than a sign. A symptom is something the patient feels and describes, such as a headache or dizziness, while a sign is something the doctor can detect without talking to the patient, such as a rash. Fatigue is a non-specific symptom, i.e. it may have several possible causes.
What actually happens to the human body when we are depressed?
Information Sourcehttp://www.webmd.com/depression/how-depression-affects-your-body
Depression correlates with changes in the brain that has an effect on many of the body's systems. For example, abnormal functioning of brain messengers (neurotransmitters) such as serotonin can alter your pain threshold. This means you become more sensitive to pain, especially back pain. Serotonin also affects sleep and lowers sex drive -- nearly half of everybody with depression has problems with sex.
Unfortunately, individuals with depression, as well as their families and health care professionals, often overlook the physical signs and symptoms of depression. In one case, researchers found that sleep troubles, fatigue, and worries about health are reliable indicators of depression in older adults. But, they found, these signs are routinely and incorrectly dismissed as a natural part of aging.
Here is a list of symptoms that are commonly attributed to Stress, Distress & Anxiety
- Frequent Headache, Jaw Clinching or Pain
- Neck Ache, Back Pain, Muscle Spasm
- Dry Mouth, Problems swallowing
- Heartburn, Stomach Pain, Nausea
- Frequent Urination
- Light Headedness, Faintness, Dizziness
- Difficulty Breathing, Frequent Sighing
- Tremors, Trembling of lips, Hands
Now let's ask ourselves some more questions so we can get an even better understanding of how these symptoms are affecting and impacting our bodies.
What actually happens to the human body when we experience a headache?
Information Sourcehttp://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/headache/question648.htm
Tension headaches are caused by muscular strains in the head and neck and/or emotional stress. Tension headaches are usually dull, steady, aching pains on both sides of the head. Sometimes, tension headaches develop into throbbing pains, leading researchers to believe that they may be closely related to migraines. Eye strain (poor vision) can trigger frequent tension headaches.
Migraine headaches can be caused by reduced blood flow to various areas of the cerebral cortex. Symptoms of migraines include sensitivity to light and noise, nausea, vomiting and intense throbbing pain that is usually on one side of the head. A neurotransmitter, serotonin, is thought to be involved in migraines because many of the drugs used to treat migraines alter the binding of serotonin
Cluster headaches are headaches that occur repeatedly over a period of weeks or even months. Cluster-headache pain usually occurs on one side of the head and is centered around the eye. The causes of cluster headaches are unknown, but may be related to changes in blood flow because substances that affect blood flow, such as alcohol, can trigger cluster headaches.
What actually happens to the human body when we experience muscle aches?
Information Sourcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myalgia
Myalgia, or muscle pain, is a symptom of many diseases and disorders. The most common causes are the overuse or over-stretching of a muscle or group of muscles. Myalgia without a traumatic history is often due to viral infections.
What actually happens to the human body when we experience dry mouth?
Information Sourcehttps://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=what+is+dry+mouth
Dry mouth, also known as xerostomia, is a condition in which saliva production shuts down.
Additional Information Source
Inadequate saliva production may occur when a person is under excessive stress and often disappears once the stress is eliminated. However, dry mouth symptoms can occur over prolonged periods, and have multifarious causes
What actually happens to the human body when we experience heartburn or nausea?
Information Sourcehttp://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20389438,00.html
When the valve that separates the stomach from the esophagus—the lower esophageal sphincter, or LES—isn’t closed tightly, it can lead to heartburn. Slow Digestion, obesity
What actually happens to the human body when we urinate?
Information Source
When the brain receives notice from the nerves in the bladder that the bladder is full, it creates the urge to urinate. Urine is kept in the bladder by a ring of muscle that surrounds the urethra (the tube from which urine travels from the bladder to exit the body). When we have the urge to urinate and we are ready to urinate, the brain sends a signal to this muscle to relax and allow urine to flow out of the body. At the same time, it sends a message to the bladder muscles to tighten, squeezing urine out of the bladder and down the urethra.
What actually happens to the human body when we experience Light headedness, faintness or dizziness?
Information Source
Dizziness is the feeling of being lightheaded, woozy, or unbalanced. It affects the sensory organs, specifically eyes and ears. It can cause fainting. Dizziness is not a disease but a symptom of other disorders. Low Blood Sugar, Hyperventilation, Dehydration, Panic Disorder, Caffeine Overdose can cause Ligh headednes, faintness or dizziness.
What actually happens to the human body when we experience difficulty breathing?
Information Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0003566/#adam_003075.symptoms.causes
Shortness of breath has many different causes. For example, heart disease can cause breathlessness if your heart is unable to pump enough blood to supply oxygen to your body. If your brain, muscles, or other body organs do not get enough oxygen, a sense of breathlessness may occur. Arrhythmias, emotional stress, anxiety, obesity and panic attacks can cause a sense of breathlessness.
What actually happens to the human body when we experience tremors or uncontrolled trembling?
Information Source
A tremor is a type of shaking movement. A tremor is most often noticed in your hands and arms. It may affect any body part, including your head or vocal cords. Tremors can happen at any age. They are more common in older people. Everyone has some tremor when they move their hands. Stress, fatigue, anger, fear, caffeine, and smoking may make this type of tremor worse. Muscle tiredness or weakness, Stress, anxiety, or fatigue (can cause a postural tremor),Too much coffee or other caffeinated drink can also cause tremors
Here is a list of symptoms that are commonly attributed to Stress, Distress & Depression
- Increase or Decreased Appetite
- Frequent Crying Spells or Suicidal Thoughts
- Feelings of Loneliness or worthlessness
- Weight Gain or Loss without diet
Now let's ask ourselves some more questions so we can get an the best understanding of how these symptoms are affecting and impacting our bodies.
What actually happens to the human body when we experience an increase or decreased appetite?
Information Source
insulin, ghrelin and leptin regulate our appetites. They are important because the way these balance can impact your weight and health. Sleep deprivation not only increases hunger levels, but lowers metabolism, not a good combination for health and weight loss.
What actually happens to the human body when we cry?
Information Source
During stress (strong emotions or pain) our bodies produce increased amounts of brain signal proteins and extra stress hormones. Tears produced under these conditions contain some of these proteins and hormones. They get rid of some of the components associated with our discomfort. This may be why so many people feel so much better after a good cry. While it may not be something you want to do often, a good cry might be beneficial on occasion.
What actually happens to the human body when we feel lonely or worthless?
Information Source
Studies have shown that when a mother breast-feeds her baby, oxytocin is released in both the baby and the mother. The mother-baby bond is built around the mutual release of oxytocin into their systems. Oxytocin is also a calming hormone which allows us to better regulate our emotional reaction to our experiences, especially the experience of feeling isolated.
Serotonin is another brain substance that is related to comfort and to the elevation of our mood. It’s interesting, though, that too much serotonin works the opposite way and sends us into a state of despair. The balance of all of these brain substances causes certain genes to activate and others to shut down. And they can provide either higher anxiety or calm and comfort.
What actually happens to the human body when we gain or lose weight?
Information Source
The process of creating new body fat is called lipogenesis (lipo = fat and genesis = creation). And with genesis in mind, in the beginning there was food, and food was classified by its dominant macronutrient. As soon as our body gets its hands on protein, fat, or carbohydrate, it turns them into amino acids, fatty acids, or glucose, respectively.
Once fat is converted to fatty acids, if there are more fatty acids around than we currently need, all of them are sent off to be stored as body fat. The glucose we get from carbohydrates does not work that way. Glucose cannot be stored as body fat without the hormone insulin. And then there are amino acids from protein. Amino acids must first be converted into glucose. Once they become glucose, they need insulin or they cannot be stored as body fat.
Now let’s assume the hormone insulin is making its rounds and we have glucose on its way to fat cells. At that point all remaining glucose is converted into fatty acids and we are one step away from new body fat. During the last step in the process all those fatty acids combine with a glycerol molecule to form triglyceride—aka body fat. This is called esterification and it is not possible without a substance called glycerol-3-phosphate.
Once glucose runs out, fat takes over. Harnessing energy by burning fat is referred to as ketosis.
Hormones regulating our blood sugar levels activate an enzyme in the blood vessels of fat tissue called lipase. Lipase ignites fat cells to release macromolecules called triglycerides, which are what make fat cells fat. Triglycerides are made of glycerol and three fatty acid chains. When they receive the signal from lipase to exit the fat cells, the triglycerides break up into their respective components and enter the bloodstream for use. The liver snatches up the glycerol to break it down for energy, and some of the fatty acids move to the muscles that can farm them for energy as well.
This action of breaking down triglycerides into usable energy is called lipolysis
Here is a spreadsheet that list the most common symptoms that Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression share. This spreadsheet is based on the symptoms that are listed above. |
Now that we have thoroughly examined the symptoms or Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression lets's examine ways to reduce symptoms of Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression.
Treatment Suggestions to Reduce Stress/Distress
Information Source- Meditate
- Breath Deeply
- Be Present
- Reach out
- Tune in to your body
- Decompress
- Laugh out loud
- Crank up the tunes
- Get moving
- Be grateful
Additional Information Source
- Try progressive relaxation
- Try some light yoga
- Meditate
- Breathe Deeply
- Spark some scents
- Listen to music
- Laugh it off
- Drink tea
- Exercise
Treatment Suggestions to Reduce Anxiety
Information Source
- Take a deep breath
- Accept that you’re anxious
- Realize that your brain is playing tricks on you
- Question your thoughts
- Use a calming visualization
- Be an observer without judgment
- Use positive self-talk
- Focus on right now
- Focus on meaningful activities
Additional Information Source
- Get enough sleep
- Smile
- De-clutter the brain
- Express gratitude
- Eat right
- Learn to breath
- Meditate
- Create a vision board
- Play around
- Be silent
- Worry
- Plan ahead
- Visualize anything positive
- Smell something relaxing
- Hang out
Treatment Suggestions to Reduce Depression
Information Source- Get in a routine
- Set Goals
- Exercise
- Eat Healthy
- Get enough Sleep
- Take on responsibilities
- Challenge Negative thoughts
- Check with your doctor before using supplements
- Do something new
- Try to have fun
- Identify problems, but don’t dwell on them
- Express yourself
- Look on the bright side
- Minimizing stress through lifestyle changes
- Talk to a therapist
- Express yourself in writing
- Boost your self image
- Stick to a schedule
- Stay involved
- Depend on others
- Sleep well
- Enjoy emotional benefits of exercise
- Make the food and mood connection
- Say no to liquor
After comparing the list of ways to reduce symptoms, it is evident that the following treatment suggestions will help reduce symptoms of Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression (These treatment suggestions are found to be effective for Stress, Distress, Anxiety & Depression)
- Exercise
- Get Enough Sleep
- Eat Right,Hydration
- Meditate, Breath
- Plan Ahead
- Positive self-talk
Now let's ask ourselves some more questions so we can better understand how these treatment suggestions are affecting and impacting our bodies.
What actually happens to the human body when we exercise?
Information Source
Brain
Increased blood flow also benefits the brain. Immediately, the brain cells will start functioning at a higher level, says Cameron, making you feel more alert and awake during exercise and more focused afterward. When you work out regularly, the brain gets used to this frequent surge of blood and adapts by turning certain genes on or off. Many of these changes boost brain cell function and protect from diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or even stroke, and ward off age-related decline, she says. Exercise also triggers a surge of chemical messengers in the brain called neurotransmitters, which include endorphins, often cited as the cause of the mythical "runner's high." The brain releases dopamine and glutamate, too, to get those arms and legs moving, as well as gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, a prohibitive neurotransmitter that actually slows things down, to keep you moving in a smooth and controlled manner. You'll also likely feel better thanks to a bump in serotonin, a neurotransmitter well known for its role in mood and depression.
Hippocampus
This part of the brain is highly involved in learning and memory, and it's one of the only sections of the brain that can make new brain cells. Exercise facilitates this, thanks to the extra oxygen in the brain. Even when you stop exercising, those new brain cells survive, whereas many other changes in the brain during exercise eventually return to their normal state should you become less active.
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus is responsible for body temperature, as well as salt and water balance, among other duties. As your body heats up, it tells the skin to produce sweat to keep you cool.
Pituitary Gland
This control center in the brain alerts the adrenal glands to pump out the hormones necessary for movement. It also releases growth hormones. As the body searches for more fuel to burn after using up your glycogen stores, it will turn to either muscle or fat, says Cameron. Human growth hormone acts as a security guard for muscle, she says, telling the body to burn fat for energy instead.
Muscles
The body calls on glucose, sugar the body has stored away from the foods we eat in the form of glycogen, for the energy required to contract muscles and spur movement. It also uses adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, but the body only has small stores of both glucose and ATP. After quickly using up these supplies, the body requires extra oxygen to create more ATP. More blood is pumped to the exercising muscles to deliver that additional O2. Without enough oxygen, lactic acid will form instead. Lactic acid is typically flushed from the body within 30 to 60 minutes after finishing up a workout. Tiny tears form in the muscles that help them grow bigger and stronger as they heal. Soreness only means there are changes occurring in those muscles, says Boone, and typically lasts a couple of days.
Additional Information Source
http://www.naturalnews.com/034308_exercise_cerebrospinal_fluid_flow.html
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bathes, feeds, & protects the brain and spinal cord. Exercises that enhance the flow of CSF through the CNS are very important health strategies.The CSF maintains the electrolytic environment of the central nervous system by cleansing metabolic waste products from the brain and spinal cord. This rinsing process also plays a large role in stabilizing the critical acid-base balance throughout the CNS. It also provides valuable supply of essential nutrients to neuronal and glial cells. CSF also provides a medium to transport hormones, neurotransmitters, releasing factors, and other neuropeptides. Spinal Motion Encourages CSF Flow.
Additional Information Source
http://www.healtouch.com/csft/yoga.html
Asanas (physical postures) help to tone and strengthen the spinal musculature, enhance the flexibility of the spine, and improve overall spinal alignment. The body movements associated with the various postures benefit the spine and enhance the flow of the largest volume of CSF within the cranial and spinal bones. Theoretical flow of CSF within the connective tissue of the nervous system (neuroglial cells) would also be augmented as the yoga practitioner performs asana stretches involving the arms, legs and torso. Although some neuropeptides also circulate in the blood, it is proposed that the cerebrospinal fluid is the major medium utilized by the "messenger molecules". Neuropeptides can travel the nervous system thousands of miles over the glial cell/CSF network to bring about dramatic changes in the mind-body on a cellular level. Consequently, as the major pathway of neuropeptides, the unimpeded flow of cerebrospinal fluid is of paramount importance to the optimal functioning of the mind-body. It is proposed that neuropeptides, circulating in the cerebrospinal fluid, reach their cellular destinations via the central and peripheral nervous system vis a vis CSF filled nerve connective tissue tubules within the nervous system called neuroglial cells."Glial" is from the Greek word meaning glue, which is a misnomer, as glial cells (the largest number of cells in the brain) are much more than a supporting structure for the nervous system. They also serve a nutrient function, and some neuroscientists claim they form a communication network of their own, which could serve as a transportation system for the all-important neuropeptides.
Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear, colorless body fluid similar in chemical composition to blood plasma and seawater. It flows primarily within and around the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), supplying it with nutrients and eliminating waste products. It also physically protects the brain and spinal cord, serves as a medium for the flow of energy and information, and is the most conductive fluid in the body. Neuropeptides (nerve-proteins) are informational substances that are produced mostly in the brain, and are found primarily in the cerebrospinal fluid, and secondarily in the blood. They are called "messenger" molecules, (molecules are the smallest entity that retain the characteristics of a substance) because they distribute information throughout the body, and coordinate practically all life processes on a cellular level. All the systems of the body (digestion, respiration, elimination etc.) are made up of glands (adrenal, mammary etc.), and organs (heart, liver, lungs, etc.). Glands and organs are comprised of tissues, (fat, bone, muscle etc.), and tissues are composed of cells. Cells, therefore, are the fundamental functional (physiological) and structural (anatomical) parts of the human body as well as all other living organisms.
Neuropeptides not only coordinate almost all body functions on a physical level, but also on an emotional level. These powerful biochemicals are concentrated in the limbic system, the seat of the emotions, and play an important role in governing our emotions as well. Neuropeptides are one category of essential body chemicals called "ligands (from the Latin word ligare, "that which binds"). Ligands are natural or man-made substances that bind selectively to a specific receptor site on the surface of a cell. For example, if the cell were a golf ball, the tiny depressions on the surface would be receptor sites. However, unlike the number of dimples on a golf ball, each human cell has hundreds of thousands of receptor sites for neuropeptides, and nerve cells have millions!
It is the function of ligands to transmit a message to the cell that coordinate body functions such as metabolism, (digestion and elimination), and respiration on a cellular level. These cellular processes in turn bring about dramatic functional changes in tissues, glands, organs, and entire body systems.
The life of the cell, and hence in a large part the life of the individual, is determined by the actions of neuropeptides, of which scientists have discovered over one hundred circulating within the body. Almost all-physical activity, behavior, even our emotions are defined by microscopic physiological (functional) changes on a cellular level involving neuropeptides. These physiological changes result in changes in our mental emotional state in a cyclical process, where changes in our mental-emotional state also produce changes in our physiological state.
Additional Information Sourcehttp://www.naturalnews.com/034308_exercise_cerebrospinal_fluid_flow.html
The Dangers of CSF Stasis
When the CSF flow becomes stagnant, it is classically referred to as CSF stasis. CSF stasis has been associated with vertebral subluxation complex, mechanical tension on the spinal cord, reduced cranial rhythmic impulses & restricted respiratory function. Reduced rates of CSF diffusion through key regions of the brain are a causative factor involved in degenerative disease.
The CSF has two major pumps that help to establish healthy flow. The pump at the top of the spine is the occiput bone, which makes up the lower portion of the skull. Flexion and extension motions of the occipital bone upon the atlas help to pump CSF through the brain and spinal cord. The other pump is at the bottom of the spine in the sacrum. Flexion and extension of the sacrum is also critical to help pump the CSF.
Sedentary lifestyles and bad postural habits create an environment ripe for CSF stasis in the spinal cord. Sedentary lifestyles create poor core strength and muscle imbalances that lead to chronic subluxation patterns throughout the spine. Sitting for long periods contributes to poor sacral motion and to accelerated degenerative changes in the lumbo-pelvic region.
Spinal Motion Encourages CSF Flow
Sedentary lifestyles and poor posture contribute to the formation of forward head posture. Forward head posture is characterized by occipital bone subluxation patterns. The majority of these subluxations have the occiput stuck into extension on the atlas bone with dense ligamentous scar tissue.
This is also the most subluxation pattern found in whiplash like traumas.
Healthy CSF flow depends upon a continual approach to minimize subluxation through corrective chiropractic techniques and specific spinal exercises.Chiropractic adjustments are designed to release the ligamentous scar tissue that is locking the region in place. This allows for better neurological function through healthy proprioceptive patterns. Additionally, these adjustments help reinforce healthy soft tissue formation in the subluxated regions. This new healthy tissue will allow these regions to have normal, healthy motion.
Additional Information Source
http://www.healtouch.com/csft/yoga.html
Serotonin is a natural body chemical, which enhances mood and our feeling of well-being. It is released from the cells that line the walls of the ventricles, two cavities within the upper part of the brain where CSF is produced. It is also secreted from the supraependymal cells that line the central canal of the spinal cord, the major pathway of CSF. As the cerebrospinal fluid flows more freely around the brain and spinal cord, it stimulates the above-mentioned cells to release serotonin.
When endorphins are released from the brain into the CSF, the result is a feeling of euphoria, bliss and expanded consciousness. Therefore, the combined effect of these two body chemicals flowing more naturally in the CSF creates physical feelings of joy and well being as well as a sensation of expanded consciousness
What actually happens to the human body when we get enough sleep?
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maslow's_Hierarchy_of_Needs.svg
According the Dr. Maslow's Heirarchy of Needs sleep is very, very important to our Physiological well being.
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Scientists and philosophers have long wondered why people sleep and how it affects the brain. Sleep is important for storing memories. It also has a restorative function. Lack of sleep impairs reasoning, problem-solving, and attention to detail, among other effects. However, the mechanisms behind these sleep benefits have been unknown. Cerebrospinal fluid, a clear liquid surrounding the brain and spinal cord, moves through the brain along a series of channels that surround blood vessels. The system is managed by the brain’s glial cells, and so the researchers called it the glymphatic system.
Changes in the way fluid moves through the brain between conscious and unconscious states may reflect differences in the space available for movement. To test the idea, the team used a method that measures the volume of the space outside brain cells. They found that this “extracellular” volume increased by 60% in the brain’s cortex when the mice were asleep or anesthetized.
The researchers next injected mice with labeled beta-amyloid and measured how long it lasted in their brains when they were asleep and awake. Beta-amyloid disappeared twice as quickly in the brains of mice that were asleep.
Glial cells control flow through the glymphatic system by shrinking and swelling. The hormone noradrenaline, which increases alertness, is known to cause cells to swell. The researchers thus tested whether the hormone might affect the glymphatic system. Treating mice with drugs that block noradrenaline induced a sleep-like state and increased brain fluid flow and extracellular brain volume. This result suggests a molecular connection between the sleep-wake cycle and the brain’s cleaning system.
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Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter most involved in the “fight or flight” response and other stressful situations, since it increases heart rate and blood pressure. A catecholamine, It is intertwined with arousal, wakefulness, attentiveness, sleep and it is also involved in the formation of memories. Studies have shown that elevated norepinephrine levels are implicated in symptoms in some mood disorders. Neurons in the locus coeruleus in the bottom of the brain stem respond to norepinephrine. When these neurons are stimulated, the cortical area of the brain becomes more active. Norepinephrine is therefore thought to be instrumental in causing people to wake up. Indeed, the level of this neurotransmitter in the brain seems to rise in response to new stimuli. The concept of vigilance is tied up with norepinephrine although scientists don't understand how.
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During stage 3-4 sleep, levels of norepinephrine, but not epinephrine, were significantly lower (P < 0.05) compared to average levels during the awake period, stages 1-2 sleep, and rapid eye movement sleep. Nocturnal levels of circulating IL-2 did not change with sleep onset or in relation to PSD-L or the various sleep stages. We conclude that sleep onset is associated with changes in levels of circulating catecholamines. Loss of sleep and disordered sleep with decreases in slow wave sleep may serve to elevate nocturnal catecholamine levels and contribute to cardiovascular disease.
What actually happens to the human body when we eat right?
Information Source
http://www.healthline.com/health/5-benefits-healthy-habits
Controls Weight, Improves mood (Eating a healthy diet as well as exercising can lead to a better physique, so you may also feel better about your appearance, which can boost your confidence and self-esteem. The American Council on Exercise reports that the short-term results of exercise include decreased stress and ability to think better.) Combats Diseases (Healthy habits can help prevent certain health conditions--such as heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure--by boosting high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or "good," cholesterol and decreasing unhealthy triglycerides. This combination keeps your blood flowing smoothly, decreasing your risk of cardiovascular diseases.)Boosts Energy (When you eat a balanced diet including whole grains, lean meats, low-fat dairy products, and fruits and vegetables, your body has the fuel that it needs to manage your energy level.) Improves Longevity (When you practice healthy habits, you boost your chances of a longer life.)
Information Source
http://exploreim.ucla.edu/wellness/eat-right-drink-well-stress-less-stress-reducing-foods-herbal-supplements-and-teas/
One of the therapeutic modalities mentioned in Stress Management is to adopt a nutritious diet. Proper diet can counterbalance the impact of stress by strengthening the immune system, stabilizing moods, and reducing blood pressure. Important Nutrients for Stress-Reduction
Vitamin C: Consuming foods high in vitamin C, such as oranges and other citrus fruits, can reduce stress and boost the immune system. Intake of this vitamin can help lower the levels of cortisol, a stress hormone, and blood pressure during high-anxiety situations.
Complex Carbohydrates: Complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, can induce the brain to increase serotonin production and stabilizing blood pressure as a way to reduce stress. Magnesium: Obtaining an adequate amount of magnesium is essential for avoiding headaches and fatigue. Oral magnesium can also successfully relieve premenstrual mood changes. Additionally, increased magnesium intake has been found to improve sleep quality in older adults. Healthy sources of magnesium include spinach or other leafy greens, salmon, and soybeans.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Fatty fish (such as salmon and tuna) and nuts and seeds (such as flaxseeds, pistachios, walnuts, and almonds) are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to reduce surges of stress hormones and also confer protection against heart disease, depression, and premenstrual syndrome. Healthy Comfort Foods Dark Chocolate: Dark chocolate can not only satisfy your taste buds, but it can also help relieve stress at the molecular level. Additionally, cocoa can also improve cognitive function and mood. Researchers also found that daily dark chocolate consumption can be beneficial for individuals suffering from high levels of anxiety.
Oatmeal: Certain comfort foods, such as oatmeal, can reduce levels of stress hormones and also result in a boost in serotonin, which stimulates a feeling of calmness. Chamomile is popular for its easy availability and wide range of healing properties. It is often used to relieve stress-induced symptoms such as insomnia and gastrointestinal disorders.Mint is commonly used to relieve stress and induce calmness. Peppermint oil’s relaxation-promoting properties on gastrointestinal (GI) tissue and its analgesic and anesthetic effectshave been found in past studies. However, individuals suffering from GI reflux, hiatal hernia, or kidney stones should practice caution when using peppermint oil therapy.
Barley tea has proven effective in relaxing the body. Its capability to relieve stress is thought to derive from its contribution of tryptophan, an amino acid necessary for sleep and synthesizing serotonin – a neurotransmitter essential in the regulation of sleep and mood.
Passionflower is marketed for its ability to treat sleep disorders, nervous tension, and anxiety. A recent study found that passionflower was as effective as oxazepam, a prescribed anxiolytic drug, in treating patients with anxiety disorders.
Valerian root is sometimes used for treating anxiety and insomnia. While contradictory scientific research exists, this herbal supplement is considered safe when used appropriately over a short time period of less than one month.
What actually happens to the human body when we Meditate and Breathe?
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When we meditate this is what happens to our brain.
Frontal lobe
This is the most highly evolved part of the brain, responsible for reasoning, planning, emotions and self-conscious awareness. During meditation, the frontal cortex tends to go offline.
Parietal lobe
This part of the brain processes sensory information about the surrounding world, orienting you in time and space. During meditation, activity in the parietal lobe slows down.
Thalamus
The gatekeeper for the senses, this organ focuses your attention by funneling some sensory data deeper into the brain and stopping other signals in their tracks. Meditation reduces the flow of incoming information to a trickle.
Reticular formation
As the brain’s sentry, this structure receives incoming stimuli and puts the brain on alert, ready to respond. Meditating dials back the arousal signal.
Meditation also improves focus, reduces anxiety, promotes creativity, promotes compassion, improves memory, reduces stress and more gray matter (Meditation has been linked to larger amounts of gray matter in the hippocampus and frontal areas of the brain. I didn’t know what this meant at first, but it turns out it’s pretty great. More gray matter can lead to more positive emotions, longer-lasting emotional stability, and heightened focus during daily life. Meditation has also been shown to diminish age-related effects on gray matter and reduce the decline of our cognitive functioning)
Additional Information Source
http://www.healtouch.com/csft/yoga.html
Meditative Breathing
Pranayamas (breathing techniques) are procedures used to enhance the flow of "prana" in the body, usually through regulation of the breathing pattern or rhythm. "Prana", or life force, is said to enter the body through food, sunlight and breath. It energizes and vitalizes the vital fluids in the body called "ojas", which include the blood, lymph, extracellular, sexual and cerebrospinal fluid.Cerebrospinal fluid flows around the brain and spinal cord by two pumping mechanisms at the top (cranium) and the bottom (sacrum) of the spinal column. The diaphragmatic breathing practiced in pranayamas activates the CSF sacral pump at the bottom of the spine. This occurs as dome shaped diaphragm muscle contracts down on the sacrum on inspiration (breathing in) pumping cerebrospinal fluid up around the spinal cord into the brain. As the practitioner concentrates on breathing diaphragmatically, it evokes a succession of contractions and relaxations of this powerful muscle pumping CSF through the rhythmic movement of the sacrum, the foundation of the spine.This flexion and extension (forward and backward movement) of the sacrum also effects all the spinal bones above it. The connecting joints between each spinal bone or vertebrae, (aptly called "articular pillars" because they look like pistons), move in an up and down motion in coordination with the diaphragmatic contractions and relaxations. Thus, as the sacrum pumps, the action of the piston-like joints between each vertebrae also pump cerebrospinal fluid up into the cranium.Other types of pranayamas such as alternate nostril breathing and Kriyas (advanced pranayamas) effect the other CSF pumping mechanism within the cranium itself. In alternate nostril breathing as the practitioner inhales and exhales, the diaphragm muscle pumps CSF via the sacrum. Also as the nasal passages fill up with air the spheo-basilar cranial bones behind the nose (the cranial pump) are activated, and oscillate in a rhythmic motion. This movement propels the CSF down the spine through the vertical space within spinal column in between the meninges called the spinal canal.Kriya pranayamas effect both the sacral pumping mechanism and the to and fro oscillations of the spheno-basilar bones. Kriya breath stimulates the spheno-basilar bones to vibrate propelling CSF down the spine, and also activate the sacral pumping mechanism. Thus, because Kriya pranayama effects both the cranial and sacral pumps, it is a particularly powerful technique in enhancing circulation of CSF around and within the brain and spinal cord.
Another type of pranayama that facilitates CSF flow occurs as the practitioner gently holds their breath for a very short interlude, or breathes in a circular pattern up and down the spine (shush Uma breath). Temporarily holding the breath or doing shush Uma breath increases pressure within the chest cavity as the lungs fill up with air. This enlarged air volume in the chest area, caused by the expanded lungs, exerts a slight pressure on the CSF flowing around the spinal cord and thereby facilitates circulation. Temporarily holding the breath, or doing shush Uma breath also causes neuropeptides to quickly release into the CSF from the respiratory centers at the base of the brain.
What actually happens to the human body when we plan ahead?
Information Source
https://suite.io/marta-stone/429y27b
Life is too often full of stress, much of which cannot be controlled. There are some personal choices that can be made, however, that can make a large impact on the stress that comes from the "busyness" of everyday family life. Many of these choices come down to simply planning ahead. Consider those times when you feel overwhelmed because suddenly there are too many things to do all at once. For example, even in a regular work week, each day can be more than full when basic daily responsibilities of home and family are also factored in. Add in birthdays, church and school duties, doctor and vet appointments, etc. and there just aren’t enough hours in the day. Avoid Procrastination by Planning (and Doing) Ahead Often procrastination, whether intentional or not, is the major culprit in the kind of stress that is caused by needing to do too many tasks in the time allotted. Additional Benefits to Planning Ahead Having a smoothly running schedule that allows for things to be done ahead of time also gives some built-in room to deal with last minute problems, emergencies, or responsibilities. If a big report that you have known about for a month is due tomorrow and it’s barely started, it’s going to be a really big problem when you end up in the ER with a sick child tonight. If you have given yourself a deadline of a week ahead, the emergency can be dealt with without the additional stress of completing a last-minute project as well.
What actually happens to the human body when we have positive self-talk?
Information Source
http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/stress-management/in-depth/positive-thinking/art-20043950
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